In the middle of the day, the bright overhead sun can create strong highlights and dark shadows. For a location sufficiently far from the equator, the sun may not reach an altitude of 10°, and the golden hour lasts for the entire day in certain seasons. For a location closer to the Equator, the same altitude is reached in less than an hour, and for a location farther from the equator, the altitude is reached in more than one hour. In Los Angeles, California, at an hour after sunrise or an hour before sunset, the sun has an altitude of about 10–12°. The character of the lighting is determined by the sun's altitude, and the time for the sun to move from the horizon to a specified altitude depends on a location's latitude and the time of year. The term hour is used figuratively the effect has no clearly defined duration and varies according to season and latitude. In addition, the sun's low angle above the horizon produces longer shadows. More blue light is scattered, so if the sun is present, its light appears more reddish. This is technically a type of lighting diffusion. When the sun is low above the horizon, sunlight rays must penetrate the atmosphere for a greater distance, reducing the intensity of the direct light, so that more of the illumination comes from indirect light from the sky, reducing the lighting ratio. The color temperature can also change significantly with altitude, latitude, season, and weather conditions. It tends to be around 2,000 K shortly after sunrise or before sunset, around 3,500 K during "golden hour", and around 5,500 K at midday. The color temperature of daylight varies with the time of day.
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